Amyloid Beta Protein

Name: Amyloid Beta Protein
SKU: SPR-488
Availability: InStock

Human Synthetic Amyloid Beta 1-42 Oligomers

Catalog No. SPR-488

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SKU: SPR-488 Category: Proteins

SPR-488_Amyloid-Beta-1-42-Oligomers-Protein-TEM-3_panel.png

Amyloid Beta 1-42 Oligomers (SPR-488) in vivo assay.

Product Name Amyloid Beta Protein

Description

Human Synthetic Amyloid Beta 1-42 Oligomers

Applications WB, In vivo Assay, In vitro Assay

Concentration 1 mg/ml

Conjugates

No tag

Dylight 488

Overview:

High fluorescence yield
High photostability
Less pH-sensitive
Excellent batch-to-batch reproducibility
Stringently QC tested
Molecular weight: 1011 g/mol

Dylight 488 Datasheet

Dylight 488 Fluorophore Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 493 nm

λ_em = 518 nm

ε_max = 7.0×10⁴

Laser = 488 nm

APC/Cy7

Overview:

High quantum yield
Excellent batch-to-batch reproducibility
Stringently QC tested

APC-Cy7 Datasheet

ACP-Cy7 Fluorophore Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 652 nm

λ_em = 790 nm

Laser = 594 or 633 nm

Dylight 350

Overview:

High fluorescence intensity
High photostability
Less pH-sensitive
Excellent solubility in water
Stringently QC tested
Excellent batch-to-batch reproducibility
Molecular weight: 874 g/mol

Dylight 350 Datasheet

Dylight 350 Fluorophore Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 353 nm

λ_em = 432 nm

ε_max = 1.5×10⁴

Dylight 405

Overview:

High fluorescence intensity
High photostability
Less pH-sensitive
Excellent batch-to-batch reproducibility
Stringently QC tested
Molecular weight: 793 g/mol

Dylight 405 Datasheet

Dylight 405 Fluorophore Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 400 nm

λ_em = 420 nm

ε_max = 3.0×10⁴

Laser = 405 nm

Dylight 594

Overview:

High fluorescence yield
High photostability
Less pH-sensitive
Excellent batch-to-batch reproducibility
Stringently QC tested
Molecular weight: 1078 g/mol

Dylight 594 Datasheet

Dylight 594 Fluorophore Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 593 nm

λ_em = 618 nm

ε_max = 8.0×10⁴

Laser = 526 nm

Dylight 633

Overview:

High fluorescence yield
High photostability
Less pH-sensitive
Excellent batch-to-batch reproducibility
Stringently QC tested
Molecular weight: 1066 g/mol

Dylight 633 Datasheet

Dylight 633 Fluorophore Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 638 nm

λ_em = 658 nm

ε_max = 1.7×10⁵

Laser = 633 nm

PerCP

Overview:

Peridinin-Chlorophyll-Protein Complex
Small phycobiliprotein
Isolated from red algae
Large stokes shift (195 nm)
Molecular Weight: 35 kDa

PerCP Datasheet

PerCP Fluorophore Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 482 nm

λ_em = 677 nm

ε_max = 1.96 x 10⁶

Laser = 488 nm

PE/ATTO 594

PE/ATTO 594 is a tandem conjugate, where PE is excited at 535 nm and transfers energy to ATTO 594 via FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer), which emits at 627 nm.

Overview:

High fluorescence yield
High photostability
Very hydrophilic
Excellent solubility in water
Very little aggregation

PE/ATTO 594 Datasheet

PE-ATTO 594 Fluorophore Conjugate Excitation and Emission Spectra

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 535 nm

λ_em = 627 nm

Laser = 488 to 561 nm

FITC (Fluorescein)

Overview:

Excellent fluorescence quantum yield
High rate of photobleaching
Good solubility in water
Broad emission spectrum
pH dependent spectra
Molecular formula: C₂₀H₁₂O₅
Molar mass: 332.3 g/mol

FITC-Fluorescent-conjugate

FITC Fluorescein Fluorophore Excitation and Emission Spectra

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 494 nm

λ_em = 520 nm

ε_max = 7.3×10⁴

Φ_f = 0.92

τ_fl = 5.0 ns

Brightness = 67.2

Laser = 488 nm

Filter set = FITC

ATTO 700

Overview:

High fluorescence yield
Excellent thermal and photostability
Quenched by electron donors
Very hydrophilic
Good solubility in polar solvents
Zwitterionic dye
Molar Mass: 575 g/mol

ATTO 700 Datasheet

ATTO 700 Fluorophore Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 700 nm

λ_em = 719 nm

ε_max = 1.25×10⁵

Φ_f = 0.25

τ_fl = 1.6 ns

Brightness = 31.3

Laser = 676 nm

Filter set = Cy®5.5

ATTO 680

Overview:

High fluorescence yield
Excellent thermal and photostability
Quenched by electron donors
Very hydrophilic
Good solubility in polar solvents
Zwitterionic dye
Molar Mass: 631 g/mol

ATTO 680 Datasheet

ATTO 680 Fluorophore Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 680 nm

λ_em = 700 nm

ε_max = 1.25×10⁵

Φ_f = 0.30

τ_fl = 1.7 ns

Brightness = 37.5

Laser = 633 – 676 nm

Filter set = Cy®5.5

ATTO 655

Overview:

High fluorescence yield
High thermal and photostability
Excellent ozone resistance
Quenched by electron donors
Very hydrophilic
Good solubility in polar solvents
Zwitterionic dye
Molar Mass: 634 g/mol

ATTO 655 Datasheet

ATTO 655 Fluorophore Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 663 nm

λ_em = 684 nm

ε_max = 1.25×10⁵

Φ_f = 0.30

τ_fl = 1.8 ns

Brightness = 37.5

Laser = 633 – 647 nm

Filter set = Cy®5

ATTO 633

Overview:

High fluorescence yield
High thermal and photostability
Moderately hydrophilic
Good solubility in polar solvents
Stable at pH 4 – 11
Cationic dye, perchlorate salt
Molar Mass: 652.2 g/mol

ATTO 633 Datasheet

ATTO 633 Fluorophore Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 629 nm

λ_em = 657 nm

ε_max = 1.3×10⁵

Φ_f = 0.64

τ_fl = 3.2 ns

Brightness = 83.2

Laser = 633 nm

Filter set = Cy®5

ATTO 594

Overview:

High fluorescence yield
High photostability
Very hydrophilic
Excellent solubility in water
Very little aggregation
New dye with net charge of -1
Molar Mass: 1137 g/mol

ATTO 594 Datasheet

ATTO 594 Fluorophore Excitation and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 601 nm

λ_em = 627 nm

ε_max = 1.2×10⁵

Φ_f = 0.85

τ_fl = 3.5 ns

Brightness = 102

Laser = 594 nm

Filter set = Texas Red®

ATTO 565

Overview:

High fluorescence yield
High thermal and photostability
Good solubility in polar solvents
Excellent solubility in water
Very little aggregation
Rhodamine dye derivative
Molar Mass: 611 g/mol

ATTO 565 Datasheet

ATTO 565 Fluorophore Excitation and Emission Spectra

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 563 nm

λ_em = 592 nm

ε_max = 1.2×10⁵

Φ_f = 0.9

τ_fl = 3.4 n

Brightness = 10

Laser = 532 nm

Filter set = TRITC

ATTO 488

Overview:

High fluorescence yield
High photostability
Very hydrophilic
Excellent solubility in water
Very little aggregation
New dye with net charge of -1
Molar Mass: 804 g/mol

ATTO 488 Datasheet

ATTO 488 Fluorophore Excitation and Emission Spectra

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 501 nm

λ_em = 523 nm

ε_max = 9.0×10⁴

Φ_f = 0.80

τ_fl = 4.1 ns

Brightness = 72

Laser = 488 nm

Filter set = FITC

ATTO 390

Overview:

High fluorescence yield
Large Stokes-shift (89 nm)
Good photostability
Moderately hydrophilic
Good solubility in polar solvents
Coumarin derivate, uncharged
Low molar mass: 343.42 g/mol

ATTO 390 Datasheet

ATTO 390 Fluorescent Dye Excitation and Emission Spectra

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 390 nm

λ_em = 479 nm

ε_max = 2.4×10⁴

Φ_f = 0.90

τ_fl = 5.0 ns

Brightness = 21.6

Laser = 365 or 405 nm

APC (Allophycocyanin)

Overview:

High quantum yield
Large phycobiliprotein
6 chromophores per molecule
Isolated from red algae
Molecular Weight: 105 kDa

APC Datasheet

APC Fluorophore Absorption and Emission Spectrum

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 650 nm

λ_em = 660 nm

ε_max = 7.0×10⁵

Φ_f = 0.68

Brightness = 476

Laser = 594 or 633 nm

Filter set = Cy®5

Streptavidin

Properties:

Homo-tetrameric protein purified from Streptomyces avidinii which binds four biotin molecules with extremely high affinity
Molecular weight: 53 kDa
Formula: C₁₀H₁₆N₂O₃S
Applications: Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA

Streptavidin Datasheet

Biotin

Properties:

Binds tetrameric avidin proteins including Streptavidin and neuravidin with very high affinity
Molar mass: 244.31 g/mol
Formula: C₁₀H₁₆N₂O₃S
Applications: Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA

Biotin Datasheet

HRP (Horseradish peroxidase)

Properties:

Enzymatic activity is used to amplify weak signals and increase visibility of a target
Readily combines with hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) to form HRP-H₂O₂ complex which can oxidize various hydrogen donors
Catalyzes the conversion of:
- Chromogenic substrates (e.g. TMB, DAB, ABTS) into coloured products
- Chemiluminescent substrates (e.g. luminol and isoluminol) into light emitting products via enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL)
- Fluorogenic substrates (e.g. tyramine, homovanillic acid, and 4-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid) into fluorescent products
High turnover rate enables rapid generation of a strong signal
44 kDa glycoprotein
Extinction coefficient: 100 (403 nm)
Applications: Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA

HRP Datasheet

AP (Alkaline Phosphatase)

Properties:

Broad enzymatic activity for phosphate esters of alcohols, amines, pyrophosphate, and phenols
Commonly used to dephosphorylate the 5’-termini of DNA and RNA to prevent self-ligation
Catalyzes the conversion of:
- Chromogenic substrates (e.g. pNPP, naphthol AS-TR phosphate, BCIP) into coloured products
- Fluorogenic substrates (e.g. 4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate) into fluorescent products
Molecular weight: 140 kDa
Applications: Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA

AP Datasheet

R-PE (R-Phycoerythrin)

Overview:

Broad excitation spectrum
High quantum yield
Photostable
Member of the phycobiliprotein family
Isolated from red algae
Excellent solubility in water
Molecular Weight: 250 kDa

R-PE Datasheet

R-PE Fluorophore Excitation and Emission Spectra

Optical Properties:

λ_ex = 565 nm

λ_em = 575 nm

ε_max = 2.0×10⁶

Φ_f = 0.84

Brightness = 1.68 x 10³

Laser = 488 to 561 nm

Filter set = TRITC

Nature Synthetic (TFA preparation)

Species Human

Expression System N/A

Amino Acid Sequence DAEFRHDSGYEVHHQKLVFFAEDVGSNKGAIIGLMVGGVVIA

Purity >95%

Other Resources

Protein Length 42 amino acids

Protein Size 4.5 kDa

Field of Use Not for use in humans. Not for use in diagnostics or therapeutics. For in vitro research use only.

Properties

Storage Buffer	Phosphate buffer (PB) pH 7.4 and 10 mM NaCl
Storage Temperature	-80ºC
Shipping Temperature	Dry Ice. Shipping note: Product will be shipped separately from other products purchased in the same order.
Purification	N/A
Cite This Product	Human Synthetic Amyloid Beta Oligomers (StressMarq Biosciences Inc., Victoria BC CANADA, Catalog # SPR-488)
Certificate of Analysis	Certified >95% pure using mass spec and HPLC. Low endotoxin <2.5 EU/mL @ 1mg/mL.

Biological Description

Alternative Names	Abeta Oligomers, Abeta peptide, Amyloid beta peptide oligomers, Beta amyloid peptide oligomers, amyloid beta precursor protein peptide oligomers, APP
Research Areas	Alzheimer's Disease, Amyloid, Neurodegeneration, Neuroscience
Cellular Localization	Cell membrane, Intracellular Vesicles
Gene ID	351
Swiss Prot	P05067
Scientific Background	Our Amyloid Beta 1-42 (Aβ42) Oligomers are generated from Amyloid Beta Peptide 1-42 pre-treated with 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP) as previously published (1,2). Our Aβ42 oligomers present as globular oligomers when observed under TEM and AFM, and have a unique dimer/trimer and oligomer signal on a Western Blot with an anti-amyloid beta antibody. Our Aβ42 oligomers were also demonstrated to be toxic to primary rat cortical neurons in a dose-dependent manner. In the brain, amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) is generated by protease cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP), which aggregates into oligomers, protofibrils, fibrils and ultimately plaques in neurodegenerative diseases. The accumulation of Aβ plaques in the brain is considered a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and most of the drugs tested for AD in the past 20 years have targeted amyloid beta accumulation (3). Soluble Aβ oligomers isolated from the brains of AD patients or those generated in vitro potently impaired synapse structure and function (4). Aβ oligomers generated in vitro were toxic to PC12 cells (5) and SH-SY5Y cells (6). Aβ was demonstrated to interact with tauopathies to affect neurodegeneration in AD patients (7) and accumulations of Aβ were shown to be associated with lower survival rates in Parkinson’s disease patients with dementia (8).
References	1. Stine et al. 2003. JBC. 278(13):11612-22. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M210207200 2. Ahmed et al. 2010. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology. 17(5):561-7. doi: 10.1038/nsmb.1799 3. Panza et al. 2019. Nat Rev Neurol. 15:73-88 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-018-0116-6 4. Shankar et al. 2008. Nat Med. 14(8):837-842. doi: 10.1038/nm1782 5. Chromy et al. 2003. Biochemistry. 42:12749-12760. doi: 10.1021/bi030029q 6. Kayed et al. 2003. Science. 300(5618): 486-489. doi: 10.1126/science.1079469 7. Want et al. 2016. JAMA Neurol. 73(9):1070-7. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2016.2078 8. Kotzbauer et al. 2012. Arch Neurol. 69(10): 1326-1331. doi: 10.1001/archneurol.2012.1608

Product Images

<p>TEM of amyloid beta 1-42 monomers (SPR-485, left), oligomers (SPR-488, middle) and fibrils (SPR-487, right). Negative stain transmission electron microscopy images acquired at 80 Kv on carbon coated 400 mesh copper grids using phosphotungstic acid and uranyl acetate stain. Scale bar = 100 nm.</p>

TEM of amyloid beta 1-42 monomers (SPR-485, left), oligomers (SPR-488, middle) and fibrils (SPR-487, right). Negative stain transmission electron microscopy images acquired at 80 Kv on carbon coated 400 mesh copper grids using phosphotungstic acid and uranyl acetate stain. Scale bar = 100 nm.

<p>AFM of amyloid beta 1-42 monomers (SPR-485, left), oligomers (SPR-488, middle) and fibrils (SPR-487, right). Atomic force microscopy analysis of 1.0 mg/mL samples diluted to 0.1 mg/mL in dH2O, mounted on freshly cleaved mica, washed, dried and analyzed with tapping mode. Representative images are 2.5 x 2.5 µm x-y with a z-range of 10 nm.</p>

AFM of amyloid beta 1-42 monomers (SPR-485, left), oligomers (SPR-488, middle) and fibrils (SPR-487, right). Atomic force microscopy analysis of 1.0 mg/mL samples diluted to 0.1 mg/mL in dH2O, mounted on freshly cleaved mica, washed, dried and analyzed with tapping mode. Representative images are 2.5 x 2.5 µm x-y with a z-range of 10 nm.

<p>Western blot of amyloid beta 1-42 monomers (SPR-485, left), oligomers (SPR-488, middle) and fibrils (SPR-487, right) using anti-amyloid beta 6E10 antibody. Amyloid beta constructs at 160 pmol were run on 4-12% Bis-Tris SDS-PAGE, transferred to nitrocellulose in the presence of 0.02% v/v Tween-20, and blotted with 1:1000 mouse 6E10 primary antibody (Biolegend). Oligomers observed under TEM/AFM appear as distinct dimer/trimer bands at ~37-75 kDa on Western Blot with 6E10 antibody (middle). Fibrils observed under TEM/AFM appear as a distinct signal at greater than 100 kDa in the stacking gel (right).</p>

Western blot of amyloid beta 1-42 monomers (SPR-485, left), oligomers (SPR-488, middle) and fibrils (SPR-487, right) using anti-amyloid beta 6E10 antibody. Amyloid beta constructs at 160 pmol were run on 4-12% Bis-Tris SDS-PAGE, transferred to nitrocellulose in the presence of 0.02% v/v Tween-20, and blotted with 1:1000 mouse 6E10 primary antibody (Biolegend). Oligomers observed under TEM/AFM appear as distinct dimer/trimer bands at ~37-75 kDa on Western Blot with 6E10 antibody (middle). Fibrils observed under TEM/AFM appear as a distinct signal at greater than 100 kDa in the stacking gel (right).

<p>Amyloid beta 1-42 oligomers (SPR-488) and fibrils (SPR-487) show a dose-dependent toxicity to primary rat cortical neurons, but not monomers (SPR-485). Survival of rat primary cortical neurons 14 days after treatment with different concentrations of (A) monomers, (B) oligomers or (C) fibrils quantified by MAP2 positive neurons and expressed as a percentage of control. Fibrils and respective vehicle controls were initially sonicated in a Bioruptor. Test conditions were run in the same plate as untreated control and vehicle controls, which consisted of buffer without amyloid beta 1-42 protein. Data expressed as mean +/- s.e.m. (n=6). A global analysis of the data was performed using a one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test; ** p<0.01 stats vs control; ## p<0.01, #### p<0.0001 stats vs vehicle control. § represents untreated control condition.
</p>

Amyloid beta 1-42 oligomers (SPR-488) and fibrils (SPR-487) show a dose-dependent toxicity to primary rat cortical neurons, but not monomers (SPR-485). Survival of rat primary cortical neurons 14 days after treatment with different concentrations of (A) monomers, (B) oligomers or (C) fibrils quantified by MAP2 positive neurons and expressed as a percentage of control. Fibrils and respective vehicle controls were initially sonicated in a Bioruptor. Test conditions were run in the same plate as untreated control and vehicle controls, which consisted of buffer without amyloid beta 1-42 protein. Data expressed as mean +/- s.e.m. (n=6). A global analysis of the data was performed using a one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test; ** p<0.01 stats vs control; ## p<0.01, #### p<0.0001 stats vs vehicle control. § represents untreated control condition.

<p>Human iPSC-derived microglia uptake of StressMarq Amyloid Beta 1-42 Oligomers (SPR-488) conjugated to Phrodo dye. Live cell imaging performed by reMYND (Leuven, Belgium) using Ex560 Em585.</p>

Human iPSC-derived microglia uptake of StressMarq Amyloid Beta 1-42 Oligomers (SPR-488) conjugated to Phrodo dye. Live cell imaging performed by reMYND (Leuven, Belgium) using Ex560 Em585.

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